2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一試卷（全國(guó)卷III）
試卷副標(biāo)題
考試范圍：xxx；考試時(shí)間：120分鐘；命題人：xxx
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一、 聽(tīng)短對(duì)話選擇（共5題）
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聽(tīng)下面的短對(duì)話，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
1. ?（1.5分） ?Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In a library. B．In a bookstore. C．In a classroom.
2. ?（1.5分） ?How does the woman feel now?
A．Relaxed B．Excited. C．Tired.
3. ?（1.5分） ??How much will the man pay?
A．$520. B．$80. C．$100.
4. ?（1.5分） ??What does the man tell Jane to do?
A．Postpone his appointment.
B．Meet Mr. Douglas.
C．Return at 3 o'clock.
5. ?（1.5分） ??Why would David quit his job?
A．To go back to school.
B．To start his own firm.
C．To work for his friend.
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二、 聽(tīng)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話選擇（共4題）
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聽(tīng)下面的長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
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6. ?What does the man want the woman to do?
A．Check the cupboard.
B．Clean the balcony.
C．Buy an umbrella.
7. ?What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Husband and wife.
B．Employer and employee.
C．Shop assistant and customer.
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8. ?Where did the woman go at the weekend?
A．The city centre. B．The forest park ??C．The man's home.
9. ?How did the man spend his weekend?
A．Packing for a move.
B．Going out with Jenny.
C．Looking for a new house.
10. ?What will the woman do for the man?
A．Take Henry to hospital.
B．Stay with his kid.
C．Look after his pet.
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11. What is Mr. Stone doing now?
A．Eating lunch.
B．Having a meeting.
C．Writing a diary.
12. Why does the man want to see Mr. Stone?
A．To discuss a program.
B．To make a travel plan.
C．To ask for sick leave.
13. When will the man meet Mr. Stone this afternoon?
A．At 3:00. B．At 3:30. C．At 3:45.
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14. What are the speakers talking about?
A．company. B．An interview. C．A job offer.
15. Who is Monica Stansfield?
A．junior specialist.
B．A department manager.
C．A sales assistant.
16. When will the man hear from the woman?
A．On Tuesday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Thursday.
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三、 聽(tīng)獨(dú)白選擇（共1題）
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聽(tīng)下面的獨(dú)白，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
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17. What did John enjoy doing in his childhood?
A．Touring France.
B．Playing outdoors.
C．Painting pictures.
18. What did John do after he moved to the US?
A．He did business.
B．He studied biology.
C．He worked on a farm.
19. Why did John go hunting?
A．For food. B．For pleasure. C．For money.
20. What is the subject of John's works?
A．American birds. B．Natural scenery. C．Family life.
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OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS
Animals Out of Paper
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami (折紙術(shù)) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 12. (West Park Presbyterian Church, 165 W. 86th St. 212-868-4444.)
The Audience
Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan, about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb. 14. (Schoenfeld, 236 W. 45th St. 212-239-6200.)
Hamilton
Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 17. (Public, 425 Lafayette St. 212-967-7555.)
On the Twentieth Century
Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs, for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb. 12. (American Airlines Theatre, 227 W. 42nd St. 212-719-1300.)
21. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?
A．A type of art.
B．A teenager's studio.
C．A great teacher.
D．A group of animals.
22. Who is the director of The Audience?
A．Helen Mirren. B．Peter Morgan.
C．Dylan Baker. D．Stephen Daldry.
23. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?
A．Animals Out of Paper.
B．The Audience.
C．Hamilton.
D．On the Twentieth Century.
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For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
"It's no secret that China has always been a source (來(lái)源) of inspiration for designers," says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion (時(shí)尚) shows.
Earlier this year, theChinaThrough A Looking Glassexhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美學(xué)) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
"China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its movement." Of course, not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China—some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. "Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu aretaking onGalliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs—and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hill.
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. "The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers," she says. "China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China—its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."
24. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?
A．It promoted the sales of artworks.
B．It attracted a large number of visitors.
C．It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D．It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
25. What does Hill say about Chinese women?
A．They are setting the fashion.
B．They start many fashion campaigns.
C．They admire super models.
D．They do business all over the world.
26. What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?
A．learning from
B．looking down on
C．working with
D．competing against
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B．A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C．Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D．Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
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Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.
The trend, then, was toward the "penny paper"—term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.
This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy) to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny—usually two or three cents was charged—and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase "penny paper" caught the public's fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
This new trend of newspapers for "the man on the street" did not begin well. Some of the early venture (企業(yè)) were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.
28. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?
A．Academic. B．Unattractive.
C．Inexpensive. D．Confidential.
29. What did street sales mean to newspapers?
A．They would be priced higher.
B．They would disappear from cities.
C．They could have more readers.
D．They could regain public trust.
30. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?
A．Local politicians.
B．Common people.
C．Young publishers.
D．Rich businessmen.
31. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?
A．It was a difficult process.
B．It was a temporary success.
C．It was a robbery of the poor.
D．It was a disaster for printers.
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Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.
Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.
After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.
When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate (低估) a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction (小部分) of the smaller number to it.
"This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, " Dr. Livingstone says. "But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one." A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.
32. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?
A．They fed them.
B．They named them.
C．They trained them.
D．They measured them.
33. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?
A．By drawing a circle.
B．By touching a screen.
C．By watching videos.
D．By mixing two drinks.
34. What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys?
A．They could perform basic addition.
B．They could understand simple words.
C．They could memorize numbers easily.
D．They could hold their attention for long.
35. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A．Entertainment. B．Health.
C．Education. D．Science.
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In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. ??36 ??While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic (邏輯) of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
? ??37 ??Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus (教學(xué)大綱) and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
? Participate in discussion forums (論壇), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ??38 ??Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
? Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. ??39 ??
? Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ??40 ??When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A．That's what they are for.
B．Turn to an online instructor for help.
C．If more information is needed, they will ask.
D．Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E．Below are some common do's and don'ts for online learners.
F．Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G．Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
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The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ??41 ??six months out of the year.
"Of course, we ??42 ??it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town's tourism office. "We see the sky is ??43 ??, but down in the valley it's darker—it's like on a ??44 ??day."
But that ??45 ??when a system of high-tech ??46 ??was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents (居民) of Rjukan ??47 ??their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ??48 ??. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ??49 ??them to turn along with the sun throughout the ??50 ??and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam (束) of light onto the town's central ??51 ??, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ??52 ??, Rjukan residents gathered together.
"People have been ??53 ??there and standing there and taking ??54 ??of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally ??55 ??. I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3,500 residents cannot all ??56 ??the sunshine at the same time. ??57 ??, the new light feels like more than enough for the town's ??58 ??residents.
"It's not very ??59 ??,” she says, “but it is enough when we are ??60 ??."
41. A．only B．obviously C．nearly D．precisely
42. A．fear B．believe C．hear D．notice
43. A．empty B．blue C．high D．wide
44. A．cloudy B．normal C．different D．warm
45. A．helped B．changed C．happened D．mattered
46. A．computers B．telescopes C．mirrors D．camera
47. A．remembered B．forecasted C．received D．imagined
48. A．repair B．risk C．rest D．use
49. A．forbids B．directs C．predicts D．follows
50. A．day B．night C．month D．year
51. A．library B．hall C．square D．street
52. A．appeared B．returned C．faded D．stopped
53. A．driving B．hiding C．camping D．sitting
54. A．pictures B．notes C．care D．hold
55. A．new B．full C．flat D．silent
56. A．block B．avoid C．enjoy D．store
57. A．Instead B．However C．Gradually D．Similarly
58. A．nature-loving B．energy-saving
C．weather-beaten D．sun-starved
59. A．big B．clear C．cold D．easy
60. A．trying B．waiting C．watching D．sharing
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七、 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或單詞的正確形式填空（共1題）
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On our way to the house, it was raining ??61 ??hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ??62 ??(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ??63 ??dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters ??64 ??had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ??65 ??(recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya (木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting ???66 ??(compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many ??67 ??(tradition) stories about Hawaii that were ??68 ??(huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we ???69 ??(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ???70 ??(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
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???????I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty" . In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. If I succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
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81. （25分）假定你是李華，你校將舉辦音樂(lè)節(jié)。請(qǐng)寫封郵件邀請(qǐng)你的英國(guó)朋友Allen參加，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 時(shí)間；
2. 活動(dòng)安排；
3. 歡迎他表演節(jié)目。
注意：
1. 詞數(shù)100左右；
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
參考答案及解析
一、 聽(tīng)短對(duì)話選擇
1. ?【答案】B
?【解析】根據(jù)女士問(wèn)How can I find the book called the class of 1998?可知她在找一本書，而男士回答 I'm afraid it was sold out.已經(jīng)賣完了。那么這段對(duì)話應(yīng)該發(fā)生在書店。故選B。
2. ?【答案】C
?【解析】根據(jù)女士說(shuō)But it was hard work. I really need a rest now。可知她現(xiàn)在很累，需要休息。故選C。
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3. ?【答案】B
?【解析】根據(jù)女士說(shuō)One hundred dollars. But if you have a membership card, I can give you a twenty percent discount.100美元。有會(huì)員卡可以優(yōu)惠20%。而男士有會(huì)員卡，所以他需要付80美元。故選B。
4. ?【答案】A
?【解析】女士說(shuō)男士3點(diǎn)與道格拉斯先生有約定，男士說(shuō) please make it another day，可知他要推遲約會(huì)。故選A。
5. ?【答案】C
?【解析】根據(jù)His friend started a firm in London. She wanted David to help her可知David的朋友在倫敦開了公司，想要David去幫忙。故選C。
二、 聽(tīng)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話選擇
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6. ?【答案】C
?【解析】
根據(jù)男士說(shuō) I can't find my umbrella. Can you buy one?可知他想讓女士買把雨傘。故選C。
7. ?【答案】A
?【解析】根據(jù)女士所說(shuō)I'm going out for shopping和That was where I usually put it. Did you check the balcony?那是我通常放雨傘的地方。你找過(guò)陽(yáng)臺(tái)了嗎？可知對(duì)話發(fā)生在家里，彼此很熟悉，關(guān)系可能是夫妻。故選A 。
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8. ?【答案】B
?【解析】Lucy 說(shuō)她周末去森林公園爬山了，空氣很新鮮，故選B。
9. ?【答案】A
?【解析】根據(jù)材料，男士說(shuō)他忙著打包。而且女士又說(shuō)他和Jennie即將搬去新房子，所以男士正在為搬家做打包行李的準(zhǔn)備。故選A。
10. ?【答案】C
?【解析】根據(jù)材料，男士問(wèn)是否能夠請(qǐng)女士幫他照看狗，故選C。
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11. 【答案】B
?【解析】根據(jù)材料，女士說(shuō) Mr. Stone 直到午餐前都在開會(huì)，故選B。
12. 【答案】A
?【解析】根據(jù)材料，男士說(shuō) "I need to talk about my new program with him before he leave." 可知，他要與 Mr. Stone 討論他的新項(xiàng)目。故選A。
13. 【答案】C
?【解析】根據(jù)材料，女士說(shuō) "Shall we see 3:45 this afternoon in Mr. Stone's office?" 可知他們 3:45 在Mr. Stone 的辦公室見(jiàn)面。故選C。
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14. 【答案】C
?【解析】在對(duì)話中，他們提到了面試、工資和假期，可知他們?cè)谟懻撔鹿ぷ?。故選C。
15. 【答案】B
?【解析】根據(jù)材料，男士說(shuō)女士即將在部門經(jīng)理 Monica Stansfield 手下工作。故選B。
16. 【答案】A
?【解析】根據(jù)材料，女士說(shuō) "I' ll let you know Tuesday afternoon." 故選A。
三、 聽(tīng)獨(dú)白選擇
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17. 【答案】C
?【解析】根據(jù)材料，John 小時(shí)候每天都花很多時(shí)間在戶外畫畫，故選C。
18. 【答案】A
?【解析】根據(jù)材料，John在搬去美國(guó)之后成為了一個(gè)商人，故選A。
19. 【答案】B
?【解析】根據(jù)材料，男士說(shuō) "John hunting for fun" 可知他以此娛樂(lè)。故選B。
20. 【答案】A
?【解析】根據(jù)材料，John畫的鳥可以賣很高的價(jià)格，故選A。
四、 閱讀理解
●???【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了四場(chǎng)演出的主要內(nèi)容，導(dǎo)演，時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)等信息。
21. 【答案】A
?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)話劇Animals Out of Paper 中的Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami (折紙術(shù)) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.可知，Rajiv Joseph 創(chuàng)作的的話劇是關(guān)于折紙的一種藝術(shù)。故選A。
22. 【答案】D
?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)話劇The Audience 的Stephen Daldry directs.可知，本劇是Stephen Daldry導(dǎo)演的。故選D。
23. 【答案】C
?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)音樂(lè)劇Hamilton?的Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.可知，該劇的主題是美國(guó)的誕生，由此可知，如果你對(duì)美國(guó)歷史感興趣，你可以看這部音樂(lè)劇。故選C。
●???【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章論述了中國(guó)文化及中國(guó)美學(xué)對(duì)國(guó)際時(shí)尚界的影響。
24. 【答案】B
?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.可知，此次展覽吸引的參觀者人數(shù)創(chuàng)下了記錄，顯示出人們對(duì)中國(guó)影響的濃厚興趣。故選B。
25. 【答案】A
?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Hill所說(shuō)的話 "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement."（中國(guó)模特是向世界各地的女性推銷夢(mèng)想的美麗和時(shí)尚運(yùn)動(dòng)的面孔，這意味著中國(guó)女性不僅僅是時(shí)尚的消費(fèi)者——她們是這場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的核心。）可知，Hill說(shuō)中國(guó)女性正在引領(lǐng)新時(shí)尚，故選A。
26. 【答案】D
?【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文and beating them hands down in design and sales說(shuō)在設(shè)計(jì)和銷售上擊敗他們，由此推斷出上文Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Mare Jacobs的意思是Vera Wang、Alexander Wang和Jason Wu正在與Galliano、Albaz和 Mare Jacobs競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。taking on意思是“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”，故選D。
27. 【答案】D
?【解析】標(biāo)題概括題。本文通過(guò)Amanda Hill的評(píng)論，論述了中國(guó)文化、中國(guó)藝術(shù)、中國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)師等等在國(guó)際時(shí)尚中發(fā)揮著非常重要的作用。因此，“中國(guó)文化刺激著國(guó)際時(shí)尚的發(fā)展和潮流”最能概括文章大意。故選D。
●???【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了面向大眾的“便士報(bào)紙”的誕生歷史。
28. 【答案】B
?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding.可知，在19世紀(jì)30年代之前，只有大多數(shù)報(bào)紙中幾乎沒(méi)有能吸引大眾的內(nèi)容，讓人感覺(jué)無(wú)聊，視覺(jué)上令人望而卻步。故那時(shí)的報(bào)紙沒(méi)有什么吸引力。分析選項(xiàng)，A. Academic學(xué)術(shù)的；B. Unattractive沒(méi)有吸引力，無(wú)魅力的；C. Inexpensive廉價(jià)的，不貴的；D. Confidential機(jī)密的，保密的。故A、C和D是錯(cuò)誤的，只有B符合對(duì)19世紀(jì)30年代之前的報(bào)紙的描述，故選B。
29. 【答案】C
?【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段提到“便士報(bào)紙”針對(duì)大眾，很便宜，更重要的是，在街上可以買的到報(bào)紙；再結(jié)合第三段中間的within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities.可知，報(bào)紙的街頭銷售隨處可見(jiàn)，而且很便宜，大家都負(fù)擔(dān)得起，所以街頭銷售意味著讀報(bào)紙的人多了。故選C。
30. 【答案】B
?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的The trend, then, was toward the "penny paper"—a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. 可知，這種“便士報(bào)紙”針對(duì)大眾，在街上就可以買得到。故選B。
31. 【答案】A
?【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中The new trend of newspapers for 'the man on the street' did not begin well. Some of the early ventures were immediately failures. Publishers already in business, people who owners of successful papers, had little desires to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.可知，“便士報(bào)紙”一開始并不好，一些早期的嘗試立即失敗了。已經(jīng)進(jìn)入商業(yè)領(lǐng)域的成功的出版商，并不想改變這一傳統(tǒng)。后來(lái)一些年輕而大膽的商人才推動(dòng)了這件事。由此可推斷出“便士報(bào)紙”的誕生是一個(gè)困難而曲折的過(guò)程。故選A。
●???【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的一位科學(xué)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)猴子能進(jìn)行基本的加法計(jì)算。
32. 【答案】C
?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中 A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward.可知，在對(duì)這些猴子進(jìn)行測(cè)試之前，研究人員對(duì)它們進(jìn)行了培訓(xùn)。故選C。
33. 【答案】B
?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.可知，當(dāng)猴子觸摸屏幕左邊時(shí)，它們會(huì)得到7滴水或者果汁的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；當(dāng)它們觸摸屏幕的另一端（即畫著圓圈的部分）時(shí)，它們會(huì)得到17滴水或果汁的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。由此可知，猴子是通過(guò)觸摸屏幕得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的。故選B。
34. 【答案】A
?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段 "the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination." 和第五段中的 "When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction (小部分) of the smaller number to it. " 可知，猴子會(huì)在超過(guò)一半的時(shí)間內(nèi)選擇更高的值，這意味著它們?cè)谶M(jìn)行計(jì)算，而不僅僅是記住每一個(gè)組合的值。所以猴子能夠進(jìn)行基本的加法計(jì)算。故選A。
35. 【答案】D
?【解析】推理判斷題。通讀整篇文章可知，該文介紹的是哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的科學(xué)家Margaret Livingstone領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)猴子進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的研究結(jié)果，這屬于“科學(xué)研究”范疇，故該文應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的“科學(xué)”版塊。故選D。
五、 短文型七選五閱讀
●???【分析】本文是一篇議論文。主要圍繞“在線上課程中如何跟老師建立良性互動(dòng)模式”展開介紹。
36. 【答案】E
?【解析】根據(jù)文章段落結(jié)構(gòu)和本段首句In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.可知，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂上，與教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列舉了一些規(guī)矩與禁忌，故選E。
37. 【答案】G
?【解析】根據(jù)其后一句 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（與課程內(nèi)容相關(guān)的問(wèn)題是受歡迎的），解釋了什么樣的問(wèn)題是好問(wèn)題，G項(xiàng)“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.”與后一句相呼應(yīng)，要提一些好的令人深思的問(wèn)題，故選G。
38. 【答案】A
?【解析】根據(jù)前一句 Participate in discussion forums (論壇), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.可知，要參與論壇討論、博客和其他開放式的對(duì)話論壇。而這正是網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂采用的交流的途徑，故選A。
39. 【答案】C
?【解析】根據(jù)本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends.可知，教授不是訓(xùn)練有素的護(hù)士，不是經(jīng)濟(jì)援助專家，也不是你最好的朋友，所以不要分享個(gè)人信息或故事，如果他們需要更多信息的話，他們會(huì)主動(dòng)問(wèn)起的，故選C。
40. 【答案】F
?【解析】通讀本段，并根據(jù)本段主題句 Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 告誡讀者，每個(gè)人都可能曾經(jīng)上過(guò)不太好的課，不要在社交媒體上攻擊教授，不要公開表達(dá)對(duì)教授或班級(jí)的不滿，要利用課程評(píng)價(jià)冷靜地提出你的意見(jiàn)。選項(xiàng)F承上啟下。故選F。
六、 完形填空
●???【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述北歐一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)長(zhǎng)達(dá)半年沒(méi)有陽(yáng)光照射，為此當(dāng)?shù)卣诟浇纳巾敯惭b了一套鏡子設(shè)備把陽(yáng)光反射到小鎮(zhèn)的廣場(chǎng)，讓民眾享受到自然的陽(yáng)光。
41. 【答案】C
?【解析】考查副詞辨析。A. only僅僅；B. obviously顯然地；C. nearly幾乎；D. precisely準(zhǔn)確的。根據(jù)前文from late September to mid-March可知，從九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故選C。
42. 【答案】D
?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear聽(tīng)見(jiàn)；D. notice注意。根據(jù)后文 We see the sky is ????, but down in the valley it's darker.可知，我們看到天空是藍(lán)色的，但是到山谷的時(shí)候，就會(huì)變得更暗了，故可知太陽(yáng)照耀的時(shí)候，我們觀察得到，故選D。
43. 【答案】B
?【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue藍(lán)色的；C. high高的；D. wide寬的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，有太陽(yáng)的時(shí)候，天空是藍(lán)色的，故選B。
44. 【答案】A
?【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A. cloudy多云的；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. warm溫暖的。根據(jù)前文down in the valley it's darker. 可知，到山谷的時(shí)候，天變暗了，像陰天一樣，故選A。
45. 【答案】B
?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. helped幫助；B. changed改變；C. happened發(fā)生；D. mattered關(guān)系重大。根據(jù)后文可知，該鎮(zhèn)引入一套陽(yáng)光反射鏡來(lái)改變這種情況，故選B。
46. 【答案】C
?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. computers電腦；B. telescopes望遠(yuǎn)鏡；C. mirrors鏡子；D. cameras相機(jī)。根據(jù)后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，從附近的山頂上反射太陽(yáng)光，故推知為一枚鏡子，故選C。
47. 【答案】C
?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. remembered記得；B. forecasted預(yù)報(bào)；C. received獲得，收到；D. imagined想象。根據(jù)句意可知，該鎮(zhèn)的居民獲得了冬天里的第一縷陽(yáng)光，故選C。
48. 【答案】D
?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. repair修理；B. risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；C. rest休息；D. use使用。根據(jù)前一句their very first ray of winter sunshine可知，獲得了冬天的第一縷陽(yáng)光，是由于反射板投入使用了，put sth to use把某物投入使用。 故選D。
49. 【答案】B
?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。 A. forbids禁止；B. directs指導(dǎo)，導(dǎo)演；C. predicts預(yù)測(cè)；D. follows跟隨，追隨。 句意：這些鏡子由電腦控制，指導(dǎo)他們整天跟著太陽(yáng)的位置移動(dòng)而移動(dòng)，在大風(fēng)的天氣就自動(dòng)關(guān)閉。本句描述這套系統(tǒng)的工作原理，電腦控制鏡子的移動(dòng)，故選B。
50. 【答案】A
?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. month月；D. year年。根據(jù)文章可知，太陽(yáng)光出現(xiàn)在白天，故選A。
51. 【答案】C
?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. library圖書館；B. hall大廳；C. square廣場(chǎng)；D. street街道。根據(jù)后文The town square可知，鏡子反射聚集的光會(huì)照在小鎮(zhèn)的中心廣場(chǎng)上，故選C。
52. 【答案】A
?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. appeared出現(xiàn)；B. returned歸還；C. faded褪去；D. stopped停止。根據(jù)后文Rjukan residents gathered together可知，當(dāng)光照出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，居民出來(lái)，故選A。
53. 【答案】D
?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. driving駕駛；B. hiding隱藏；C. camping露營(yíng)；D. sitting坐。根據(jù)本句and standing there可知，光照出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，人們會(huì)出來(lái)活動(dòng)，坐在那里，站在那里，故選D。
54. 【答案】A
?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. pictures照片，圖片；B. notes筆記；C. care照顧；D. hold抓住。根據(jù)文章可知，會(huì)彼此拍照，故選A。
55. 【答案】B
?【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A. new新的；B. full滿的；C. flat平坦的；D. silent沉默的。根據(jù)后文 I think almost all the people in the town were there. 可知，差不多全鎮(zhèn)的人都在廣場(chǎng)上，故可知廣場(chǎng)全是人，故選B。
56. 【答案】C
?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. block阻擋；B. avoid避免；C. enjoy喜歡，享受；D. store儲(chǔ)存。根據(jù)句意可知，并不是3500名居民都能同時(shí)享受到太陽(yáng)光，故選C。
57. 【答案】B
?【解析】考查副詞辨析。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Gradually逐漸地；D. Similarly相似地。前一句意思是說(shuō)并不是3500名居民都能同時(shí)享受到太陽(yáng)光，后一句表達(dá)新的光線對(duì)小鎮(zhèn)人們的意義不僅僅是提供光線，前后句屬于轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選B。
58. 【答案】D
?【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A. nature-loving熱愛(ài)自然的；B. energy-saving節(jié)能的；C. weather-beaten受風(fēng)雨侵蝕的；D. sun-starved渴望陽(yáng)光的。根據(jù)前文可知，小鎮(zhèn)差不多半年沒(méi)有陽(yáng)光，故可知小鎮(zhèn)人們渴望陽(yáng)光，故選D。
59. 【答案】A
?【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A. big大的；B. clear清晰的；C. cold冷的；D. easy容易的。根據(jù)前文可知，鏡子反射的光線有限，范圍不夠大，故選A。
60. 【答案】D
?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. trying嘗試；B. waiting等待；C. watching觀看；D. sharing分享。大家一起分享就足夠了，故選D。
七、 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或單詞的正確形式填空
●???【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了他們?nèi)ハ耐亩燃偻局械慕?jīng)歷以及到了主人家后受到的禮遇，主人熱情招待他們，還在工作之余帶他們參加了很多當(dāng)?shù)氐幕顒?dòng)。
61. 【答案】so；
?【解析】考查副詞。句意：在我們?nèi)ツ亲孔拥穆飞?，雨下得如此大以至于我們不能不想還要多久才能到達(dá)那里。“so...that...”意為“如此……以至于……”，固定句型。故填so。
62. 【答案】to get；
?【解析】考查固定搭配。本句運(yùn)用了take...to do sth.，意為“花費(fèi)……做某事”，故此處應(yīng)填to get。
63. 【答案】of；
?【解析】考查介詞。"a pack of" 意為“一群……”。故填of。
64. 【答案】who 或 that；
?【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：它們被他們的主人訓(xùn)練地很好，它們的主人在照顧這些動(dòng)物方面很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。先行詞為masters（主人），且從句缺主語(yǔ)。故關(guān)系詞填who 或 that。
65. 【答案】recommeded；
?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我們的主人跟我們分享了很多他們的經(jīng)歷并推薦了一些很好的吃飯、購(gòu)物和參觀的地方。"and" 前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作 "shared" 與 "recommended" 是并列關(guān)系，時(shí)態(tài)一致。故填recommeded。
66. 【答案】competition；
?【解析】考查名詞。由空格前的不定冠詞an與空格后的不定式to watch可以確定空格處應(yīng)該填名詞形式。故填competition。
67. 【答案】traditional；
?【解析】考查形容詞?？崭裥揎椕~stories，應(yīng)用形容詞形式，tradition的形容詞為traditional，故填traditional。
68. 【答案】hugely；
?【解析】考查副詞。空格處修飾形容詞popular，應(yīng)用副詞形式，huge的副詞為hugely，故填hugely。
69. 【答案】were invited；
?【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：我們被邀請(qǐng)去參加一場(chǎng)私人音樂(lè)會(huì)。由 "on the last day of our week-long stay" 可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為we，故填 were invited。
70. 【答案】listening；
?【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為“were invited”，所以空格處動(dòng)詞listen應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。聽(tīng)音樂(lè)這個(gè)動(dòng)作是由we發(fā)出的，所以選用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。也可由and前后連接兩個(gè)并列的結(jié)構(gòu)這一規(guī)律解題，and后meeting interesting locals為分詞形式，故空格處填listening。
八、 短文改錯(cuò)
●???【分析】這是一篇記敘文，本文講述了作者的夢(mèng)想是開咖啡館。
71. 【答案】opens → open
?【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處指我的夢(mèng)想是開一家咖啡。句 中需用不定式 to do 作表語(yǔ)，to后用動(dòng)詞原形。故把opens改為open。
72. 【答案】required → requires
?【解析】 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。短文的主體時(shí)態(tài)都是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為it, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故把 required 改為 requires。
73. 【答案】ordinarily → ordinary
?【解析】考查形容詞的用法。修飾名詞作前置定語(yǔ)，此處應(yīng)用形容詞表示“一家普通的咖啡館”，ordinarily是副詞。故把ordinarily改為 ordinary。
74. 【答案】在 my cafe 后面加上 to
?【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事，是固定搭配，此處為不定式做賓補(bǔ)。故在 have 前加 to。
75. 【答案】去掉like
?【解析】考查介詞的用法。such as和like都是用來(lái)舉例子，重復(fù)了。故把like刪除。
76. 【答案】yourselves → themselves
?【解析】考查代詞的用法。customers 是句子的主語(yǔ)，故把 yourselves 改為 themselves。
77. 【答案】what → that或?what → which
?【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是 environment，指物，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，需用關(guān)系代詞 that或者which。故把 what 改為that/which。
78. 【答案】manage → managing
?【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。in 為介詞，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)需用動(dòng)名詞。succeed in doing something意為“成功做了某事”，是固定短語(yǔ)。故把manage改為managing。
79. 【答案】city → cities
?【解析】考查可數(shù)名詞。many different 后跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故把 city 改為 cities。
80. 【答案】an → a
?【解析】考查冠詞。an 用在元音音素前，a 用在輔音因素前。unique 是以輔音音素開頭的單詞，前用a。故把an改為a。
九、 書面表達(dá)
81. 【答案】
Dear Allen,
How is everything going? Our school will hold a music festival next Sunday morning in the school hall. And I'm writing to invite you to join us.The opening ceremony will start at 9:00 a.m., and the schoolmaster will deliver a speech. Then there will be various fantastic performances played by talented students. You are definitely welcome to show up on stage, which will add color and fun to our festival.Looking forward to your early reply. ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Best wishes,
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Li Hua
?【解析】
第一確定提綱。先介紹寫作目的，之后介紹音樂(lè)節(jié)的時(shí)間、活動(dòng)安排等具體信息，最后歡迎他表演節(jié)目。
第二，根據(jù)提綱，確定關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，如：How is everything going? a music festival，in the school hall，The opening ceremony等。
第三，注意選用合適的連接詞將各要點(diǎn)串聯(lián)起來(lái)。
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